A slave flash is an external flash unit that provides extra lighting when it is triggered by a built-in camera flash, or any other flash for that matter.
A slave unit is particularly useful for those who want a more powerful flash but don’t have a hot shoe on their digital camera. An external flash that has a wireless transmitter lets it also function as a slave flash.
A slave flash has a built-in sensor that senses when the camera flash goes off. When the flash goes off, it triggers the slave flash, often within milliseconds.
A slave flash often comes with a bracket that has a hot shoe at one end. The bracket is screwed into the tripod mount on the bottom of a camera, then the flash is mounted on the bracket hot shoe. The flash requires no cable.
Source:
http://www.digicamhelp.com/accessories/external-flashes/slave-flash/