...I'm guessing maybe you saved the modified file in a format that the printer won't recognize...
If your computer recognizes it, your printer will recognize it. Pictures are converted to and sent to your printers as bitmaps by your computer.
I'm betting your printer is probably not printing anything at all in black and white, from a picture to a simple text document. The paper is running through the printer, and the printer heads are moving across the paper, right? Perhaps your ink cartridge is empty, the ink is dry, or the nozzles are clogged. I'd try a new ink cartridge.
If you're refilling your cartridges with those DIY kits, caveat emptor. Some people have good luck with them, others don't. I'd rather get the genuine parts and replace than some third party refill. But that's just me.